Objective : This study was undertaken to analyze the prevalence and spectrum of atypical glandular cells to investigate its clinical significance in our population.
Study design : A 5 year retrospective review of atypical glandular cells diagnosed on ThinPrep pap test was performed. AGC were reported in 40 patients, who underwent colposcopy- directed biopsy, endocervical curettage and endometrial curettage to determine the cytological and histological correlations of AGC.
Results : The prevalence of AGC was 0.2% out of 19836 patients. The patients age ranged from 29 to 81 years (mean age 49.4 years). Significant lesions were defined as Squamous Intraepithelial lesion (SIL), adenocarcinoma in situ (AIS) or invasive carcinoma. This included 2 invasive squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix, 2 high grade squamous intraepithelial lesions, 2 AIS, 5 adenocarcinoma of the cervix, two of which had low grade and high grade squamous intraepithelial lesions one of which was consistent with metastastic colonic carcinoma and 5 endometrial adenocarcinoma, one of which was suspicious of breast carcinoma. The chi-square value was significant at 99% confidence interval.
Conclusion : AGC were associated with clinically significant lesions in 40% of our cases.. Significant endocervical glandular lesions occurred in younger women whereas the older women had endometrial lesions.. Patients with AGC should be followed up for a substantial period despite initial negative histological findings.
The purpose of the paper is to signify the effect of factors relating to knowledge management on quality care to patients. A theoretical framework is proposed linking healthcare practitioners’ motivation, knowledge adoption, adaption to web technologies and knowledge friendly culture on quality of care given to patients. The study includes two levels of variables to impart quality care, one is at the level of healthcare practitioner and another is at the organizational level. The factors regarding healthcare practitioner include the motivation to use knowledge management system, knowledge adoption and adaption to web technologies. The factor relating to organization includes the knowledge friendly culture. The conceptual model could be empirically tested using data from healthcare organizations. Propositions are posited for further research. The paper provides value to academicians and practitioners. The outcomes of the empirical study would identify the key factors that pushes healthcare practitioner to contribute to knowledge management system and the policy level modifications could be made to develop, alter and sustain knowledge friendly culture.
Barriers to availing refracti ve error services among an urban slum population in Mumbai, India.
Background:Â A refractive error project for management of refractive errors in adults was undertaken in the urban slums of Mumbai, India. The project looked at the burden of refractive errors in the predominantly lower socio economic status groups as well as what common barriers prevent access to refractive services amongst this population. This presentation highlights the barriers that were elicited for availing and accessing refractive error services among the urban slum population in Mumbai, India. AIM: The study aimed to identify the common barriers to availing & accessing refractive error services among an urban slum population in Mumbai, India.
Methods :Â A situation analysis of the community, with respect to availability of services was done as a part of the service delivery planning. The analysis revealed that services were available but the community was not accessing the same. Based on the situation analysis report a questionnaire with all perceived barriers was developed and the same was validated. Service delivery was done by establishing vision centers within the community. Trained health workers performed a door to door vision screening, identified and referred the needy population to the vision centre. Here the questionnaire was run by trained social workers on the people visiting the centers for eye examinations, who were referred by the social workers.
Results :Â Data analysis was carried out to know the reasons for not availing the services within the community. Of the 4070 subjects who visited the vision centre, 4039 case records were complete and analyzed. The demographic associations of the use of spectacles and reasons for not availing services were assessed with age, gender, education, socioeconomic status. On further analyses it was revealed, that, 3373 (83.5%) were aware of their poor vision, of these 2000 people did not visit an eye doctor. When the questions were analyzed as economic reasons and lack of awareness, lack of awareness superseded economic reasons, as lack of awareness was 54.5% Vs economic was 53.70%.
Conclusion:Â When refractive error service delivery was planned for this population, besides providing free spectacles, emphasis on generating awareness for need for refractive errors was also considered.
Equipments are the essential part of any pediatric or neonatal ICU required for monitoring and care to children and neonates during the ICU stay. The present study was conducted to identify gaps in knowledge and awareness related to equipment safety among nursing personnel working in pediatric and neonatal medical-surgical ICUs in a tertiary care hospital. Sixty one nursing personnel working in pediatric and neonatal ICUs were enrolled using universal sampling technique. A structured pretested and validated tool containing knowledge and awareness questionnaire was used to collect the data ( α = 0.82). More than half of the nursing personnel were between the age group of 26-35 years with the mean age of 30.24 ± 6.56 (22–46). Majority nursing personnel were female (93.4%), working as sister grade II (77%, working as bedside nurses) in PICU ((42.6%), with most having BSc Nursing as their professional qualification, Majority of nursing personnel (83.6%) had not attended in-service education programme and half of them did not have any bedside demonstration of the equipments prior to its installation in the unit. Majority nursing personnel were having medium knowledge (68.9%) and awareness scores (65.6%) related to equipment safety with mean knowledge and awareness scores of 11.5 ± 1.7 (6-16) and 32.9 ± 3.4 (20–40) respectively. No correlation was observed between knowledge and awareness scores of the nursing personnel (p> 0.05).
It is well known that child nutrition is affected by many factors like socio-cultural, economic and demographic, etc. Studies found that maternal education, wealth index, and ethnicity have an influence on child nutrition. In this paper, comparative study of malnutrition among children and mothers between 1992-93 and 2005-06 has been done.
Objective:Â The main objective of the paper is to study how progress in demographic and other socioeconomic factors influence nutritional status of mother and children.
Data and Methods:Â First round (1992-93) and third round (2005-06) of National Family Health Survey has been used to reach the objective of the study. To show the progress in nutritional status, percentage change in prevalence of malnutrition in different background characteristics from 1992-93 to 2005-06 has been calculated. To show the progress in different background characteristics and its effect on child malnutrition decomposition analysis has been done.
Result: Almost all variable are significantly associated with child malnutrition thus more contribution of any variable in bringing the change in prevalence of malnutrition shows the more progress in that variable from 1992-93 to 2005- 06. The decomposition analysis clearly shows that the condition of mother’s education and timing to initiate breastfeeding are found to be contributing significantly to the reduction of underweight among children between 1992- 93 and 2005-06.
Conclusion: This study shows that improvement in mother’s education contributed the most in improving the nutritional status of children. Thus by increasing the educational in female under-nutrition can be reduced to a larger extent.
The number of college students using laptops is on the rise so is the musculoskeletal disorders reported. This research tries to understand whether university students in India have the same discomfort level as reported in prior studies. The study tries to evaluate the role of parameters like postural adaptation, time related parameters like duration of laptop usage, frequency of rest breaks and the predisposition of MSD among the students. And it is found that neck pain is the most common pain among Indian college students. And that MSD is caused by poor postural adaptation, time spent on the laptop as well as lack of proper ergonomic knowledge.
Use of communication strategies are recommended frequently to individuals with aphasia in order to enhance their communication and societal participation. This study aims to explore the efficacy of communication strategy usage in persons with chronic aphasia and their communicative partners. For this purpose, interviews were conducted with five women and six men with chronic aphasia (N =11) and a qualitative analysis of the same was done. Different factors related to individuals with aphasia, their caregivers and topics of conversation were found to affect the efficacious use of communication strategies. The most important among this was the care givers awareness regarding the need and usage of communication strategies. It was evident from the current research that caregiver training on communication strategies should be an integral goal of aphasia rehabilitation. This will inturn enhance rehabilitation and integration of individuals with aphasia for societal participation.
Clinical laboratory diagnosis is an integral part of the clinical decision of health care service. while every phase is error prone, different literatures showed that more than 70% of errors in clinical laboratory occur in the pre analytical phase. The purpose of this study is to determine the frequency of specimen rejection and associated factors at st. Paul’ s Hospital Millennium Medical College, addis ababa, ethiopia.
Sleep depri vation has become a contributing factor to the world’s health concerns such as cardiovascular disease, mental illness and inattentiveness in occupationand decision making. It can also disturb synaptic plasticity that can lead to learning and memory impairment. Therefore, boosting cholinergic activity using acetylcholine imitator that can be found in the tobacco plant, known as nicotine, is essential in reversing the negative influences of sleep loss in the brain. Thus, studies on the effects of nicotine treatment on molecular mechanisms and structural changes of hippocampal brain cells are vital in order to gain more understanding and to overcome the detrimental consequencesof learning and memory impairment related to sleep divest.
It is estimated that roughly in the world 10 percent or 650 million people live with disability while India consist 26.8 million(Census 2011) & 58th round of National s ample s urvey (N ss ), 2002 (18.5million) indicates that around 2 percent of country’s population suffers from disability . t he overreaching aim of this paper is to estimate the pre valence of disability with its type and assess the changes of proportionate disabled population during pre-independence and post-independence period. t he paper essentially explains the manifold increase in the pre valence of disability in post independence period due to the adaption of new definition. t o analyze the prevalence of disability t he s tandardized Index of Diversity ( s ID) which was dev eloped by l ieberson (1969) and Rowland (2003) and further giv en in K.M. Ponnapalli and F.Ram (2010). Paper outcome be said that blindness which continues fluctuated from the colonial periods in India. Concentration of disabled females is more with speech and, hearing whereas males movement and mental disabilities. s IDD index values indicates that all the states and districts ha ve experienced a rising seeing disability and movement disability, but 2011 reveal that prevalence of hearing and movement disability gradually growing. t his index re veals that North- e ast states like s ikkim; Nagaland & Manipur districts are disabled population are direct effect on curv ature of economic. However, there is a need for the much detailed investigation of the demography of disability which could provide insights into the problem and suggest the efforts that are needed to tackle the issue.
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